日常生活中大家一定見過(guò)各式各樣的英文縮略詞,諸如:ATM/EMS/GPS/VIP等。
觀看綜藝節(jié)目時(shí)很可能見過(guò)VCR情節(jié),美劇愛好者則必定見過(guò)FBI/CIA等詞,港劇中則會(huì)時(shí)不時(shí)出現(xiàn)ICAC。
這些都屬于英語(yǔ)中的縮略詞用法,其作用在于實(shí)現(xiàn)語(yǔ)言表達(dá)的簡(jiǎn)潔性。
為此匯總整理了最常見的英文縮略詞以及英文句子表達(dá)中常見縮寫用法,拿出你的筆記本開始學(xué)習(xí)吧……
一、電子科技類
IT:信息技術(shù)
(Information Technology)
PC:個(gè)人電腦
(Personal Computer)
APP:應(yīng)用程序
(Application)
CPU:中央處理器
(Central Processing Unit)
www:環(huán)球信息網(wǎng)/萬(wàn)維網(wǎng)
(World Wide Web)
WiFi:無(wú)線網(wǎng)絡(luò)/無(wú)線保真技術(shù)
(Wireless Fidelity)
CD:光盤/激光唱片
(Compact Disk)
DJ:音樂(lè)節(jié)目主持人
(Disc Jockey)
TEL:電話機(jī)
(Telephone)
VCD:錄像光盤
(Video Compact Disk)
DVD:數(shù)字錄像光盤
(Digital Video Disk)
VCR:盒式磁帶錄像
(Video Cassette Recorder)
MV:音樂(lè)短片
(Music Video)
KTV:卡拉OK
(Karaok TV)
TV:電視
(TeleVision)
GPS:全球定位系統(tǒng)
(Global Positioning System)
ETC:不停車收費(fèi)系統(tǒng)
(Electronic Toll Collection)
ABS:防鎖死剎車系統(tǒng)
(Antilock Brake System)
SUV:運(yùn)動(dòng)型多用途轎車
(Sport Utility Vehicle)
BRT:快速公交系統(tǒng)
(Bus Rapid Transit)
LRT:輕軌公交系統(tǒng)
(Light Rail Transit)
ATM:自動(dòng)取款機(jī)
(Automatic Teller Machine)
二、國(guó)家/地區(qū)及國(guó)際組織類
三、機(jī)構(gòu)/公司和協(xié)會(huì)類
四、其他常見雜類縮寫
Ad:廣告
(Advertisement)
Add:地址
(Address)
BBQ:燒烤
(Barbecue)
DIY:自己動(dòng)手/自助服務(wù)
(Do it Yourself)
ET:外星人
(Extra Terrestrial)
ID:身份證
(Identification Card)
IQ:智商
(Intelligence Quotient)
EQ:情商
(Emotional Quotient)
PE:體育
(Physical Education)
No.:號(hào)碼/編號(hào)
(Number)
KFC:肯德基
(Kentucky Fried Chicken)
DNA:遺傳基因組織
(Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
GMT:格林威治時(shí)間或國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)時(shí)間
(Greenwich Mean Time)
GDP:國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值
(Gross Domestic Product)
OMG:我的上帝/我的天哪
(Oh My God)
SOS:求救信號(hào)
(Save Our Soul)
UFO:不明飛行物
(Unknown Flying Object)
VIP:重要人物/貴賓
(Very Important Person)
WC:廁所
(Water Closet)
Mr.:先生
(Mister)
Ms.:女士
(Mrs. or Miss)
Mrs.:夫人/太太
(Mistress)
AD:公元
(Anno Domini)
BC:公元前
(Before Christ)
AM:上午
(Ante Meridiem)(before noon)
PM:下午
(Post Meridiem)(afternoon)
CEO:首席執(zhí)行官
(Chief Executive Officer)
CFO:首席財(cái)務(wù)官
(Chief Finance Officer)
COO:首席運(yùn)營(yíng)官
(Chief Operating Officer)
CTO:首席技術(shù)官
(Chief Technology Officer)
PhD:博士
(Philosophy Doctor)
MBA:工商管理碩士
(Master of Business Administration)
MPA:公共管理碩士
(Master of Public Administration)
五、國(guó)內(nèi)銀行縮寫
中國(guó)人民銀行:PBC
(The People s Bank of China)
中國(guó)建設(shè)銀行:CCB
(China Construction Bank)
中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)銀行:ABC
(Agriculture Bank of China)
中國(guó)工商銀行:ICBC
(Industrial & Commercial Bank of China)
中國(guó)銀行:BOC
(Bank of China)
交通銀行:BCM
(Bank of Communications)
招商銀行:CMB
(China Merchants Bank)
六、星期/月份縮寫
星期一:Mon.
(Monday)
星期二:Tues.
(Tuesday)
星期三:Wed.
(Wednesday)
星期四:Thur.
(Thursday)
星期五:Fri.
(Friday)
星期六:Sat.
(Saturday)
星期天:Sun.
(Sunday)
一月:Jan.
(January)
二月:Feb.
(February)
三月:Mar.
(March)
四月:Apr.
(April)
五月:無(wú)簡(jiǎn)寫
(May)
六月:Jun.
(June)
七月:Jul.
(July)
八月:Aug.
(August)
九月:Sep.
(September)
十月:Oct.
(October)
十一月:Nov.
(November)
十二月:Dec.
(December)
七、計(jì)量單位縮寫
八、英文句子表達(dá)常見縮寫
not相關(guān)的否定縮寫
通常在原詞后加n’t,若原詞以n結(jié)尾,直接加’t。
1、系動(dòng)詞 + not:
isn’t = is not;
wasn’t = was not
aren’t = are not;
weren’t = were not
注意:am not一般不縮寫。
2、助動(dòng)詞 + not:
don’t = do not
doesn’t = does not
didn’t = did not
haven’t = have not
hasn’t = has not
hadn’t = had not
3、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + not:
can’t = can not
couldn’t = could notwon’t = will not;
wouldn’t = would not
shouldn’t = should not
例句:
1、Tom isn’t my brother.
= Tom is not my brother.
(湯姆不是我的弟弟。)
2、He didn’t come back.
= He did not come back.
(他沒(méi)有回來(lái)。)
3、She can’t finish the work alone.
= She can not finish the work alone.
(她無(wú)法獨(dú)自完成工作。)
人稱代詞+系動(dòng)詞的縮寫
am縮寫成’m,are縮寫成’re,is縮寫成’s。
I’m = I am
he’s = he is
she’s = she is
you’re = you are
we’re = we are
they’re = they are
there’re = there are
there’s = there is
that’s = that is
it’s = it is
注意:this is一般不縮寫。
例句:
1、I’m a teacher.
= I am a teacher.
(我是老師。)
2、They’re my friends.
= They are my friends.
(他們是我的朋友。)
3、There’s a book in my bag.
= There is a book in my bag.
(我包里有一本書。)
疑問(wèn)詞+系動(dòng)詞的縮寫
Who’s = Who is
Who’re = Who are
How’s = How is
How’re = How are
When’s = When is
When’re = When are
What’s = What is
What’re = What are
Where’s = Where is
Where’re = Where are
例句:
1、How s your family?
= How is your family?
(你的家人都好嗎?)
2、What’s the matter?
= What is the matter?
(你怎么了?)
3、Where’re you going?
= Where are you going?
(你要去哪?)
助動(dòng)詞的相關(guān)縮寫
have縮寫成’ve,has縮寫成’s,had縮寫成’d
I’ve = I have
You’ve = You have
He’s = He has
She’s = She has
It’s = It has
We’ve = We have
They’ve = They have
I’d = I had
you’d = you had
He’d = He had
She’d = She had
It’d = It had
We’d = We had
They’d = They had
例句:
1、I’ve got a job.
= I have got a job.
(我找到了一份工作。)
2、We ve been married for one year.
= We have been married for one year.
(我們結(jié)婚一年了。)
3、He d never learned to read.
= He had never learned to read.
(他一直沒(méi)有學(xué)會(huì)閱讀。)
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的相關(guān)縮寫
will縮寫成’ll,would縮寫成’d。
I’ll = I will
you’ll = you will
she’ll = she will
he’ll = he will
we’ll = we will
they’ll = they will
I’d = I would
you’d = you would
she’d = she would
he’d = he would
we’d = we would
they’d = they would
例句:
1、I’ll see you tomorrow.
= I will see you tomorrow.
(明天見。)
2、He ll study harder.
= He will study harder.
(他將更加努力學(xué)習(xí)。)
3、They’d like to come with us.
= They would like to come with us.
(他們想和我們一起去。)
其他縮寫
1、Let’s ...
=Let us ...
2、My name’s ...
=My name is ...
例句:
1、Let s go to the cinema together.
=Let us go to the cinema together.
(我們一起去看電影。)
2、My name’s Gina.
=My name is Gina.
(我的名字叫吉娜。)