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常見的英文縮略詞及英文表達(dá)縮寫

2023-09-14
日常生活中大家一定見過各式各樣的英文縮略詞,諸如:ATM/EMS/GPS/VIP等。
 
觀看綜藝節(jié)目時(shí)很可能見過VCR情節(jié),美劇愛好者則必定見過FBI/CIA等詞,港劇中則會時(shí)不時(shí)出現(xiàn)ICAC。
 
這些都屬于英語中的縮略詞用法,其作用在于實(shí)現(xiàn)語言表達(dá)的簡潔性。
 
為此匯總整理了最常見的英文縮略詞以及英文句子表達(dá)中常見縮寫用法,拿出你的筆記本開始學(xué)習(xí)吧……
 
 

一、電子科技類

 
 
IT:信息技術(shù)
(Information Technology)
 
PC:個(gè)人電腦
(Personal Computer)
 
APP:應(yīng)用程序
(Application)
 
CPU:中央處理器
(Central Processing Unit)
 
www:環(huán)球信息網(wǎng)/萬維網(wǎng)
(World Wide Web)
 
WiFi:無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)/無線保真技術(shù)
(Wireless Fidelity)
 
CD:光盤/激光唱片
(Compact Disk)
 
DJ:音樂節(jié)目主持人
(Disc Jockey)
 
TEL:電話機(jī)
(Telephone)
 
VCD:錄像光盤
(Video Compact Disk)
 
DVD:數(shù)字錄像光盤
(Digital Video Disk)
 
VCR:盒式磁帶錄像
(Video Cassette Recorder)
 
MV:音樂短片
(Music Video)
 
KTV:卡拉OK
(Karaok TV)
 
TV:電視
(TeleVision)
 
GPS:全球定位系統(tǒng)
(Global Positioning System)
 
ETC:不停車收費(fèi)系統(tǒng)
(Electronic Toll Collection)
 
ABS:防鎖死剎車系統(tǒng)
(Antilock Brake System)
 
SUV:運(yùn)動(dòng)型多用途轎車
(Sport Utility Vehicle)
 
BRT:快速公交系統(tǒng)
(Bus Rapid Transit)
 
LRT:輕軌公交系統(tǒng)
(Light Rail Transit)
 
ATM:自動(dòng)取款機(jī)
(Automatic Teller Machine)
 

二、國家/地區(qū)及國際組織類

PRC:中華人民共和國

(The People s Republic of China)

 

HK:香港

(Hong Kong)

 

JP:日本

(Japan)

 

KR:韓國

(Korea)

 

UK:英國

(United Kingdom)

 

US:美國

(United States)

 

USA:美國

(United States of America)

 

RUS:俄羅斯

(Russia)

 

SGP:新加坡

(Singapore)

 

EU:歐洲聯(lián)盟/歐盟

(European Union)

 

UN:聯(lián)合國

(United Nations)

 

WTO:世界貿(mào)易組織

(World Trade Organization)

 

WHO:世界衛(wèi)生組織

(World Health Organization)

 

CIA:美國中央情報(bào)局

(Central Intelligence Agency)

 

FBI:美國聯(lián)邦調(diào)查局

(Federal Bureau of investigation)

 

FDA:食品藥品監(jiān)督管理局

(Food and Drug Administration)

 

ICAC:廉政公署

(Independent Commission Against Corruption)

 

OPEC:石油輸出國組織/歐佩克

(Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries)

 

三、機(jī)構(gòu)/公司和協(xié)會類

 

EMS:郵政特快專遞

(Express Mail Service)

 

PLA:中國人民解放軍

(People s Liberation Army)

 

CCTV:中國中央電視臺

(China Central Television)

 

CBA:中國籃球協(xié)會

(Chinese Basketball Association)

 

NBA:美國籃球協(xié)會

(National Basketball Association)

 

BBC:英國廣播公司

(British Broad-casting Corporation)

 

VOA:美國之音

(Voice of America)

 

IOC:國際奧委會

(International Olympic Committee)

 

ISBN:國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)書號

(International Standard Book Number)

 

四、其他常見雜類縮寫

 

Ad:廣告
(Advertisement)
 
Add:地址
(Address)
 
BBQ:燒烤
(Barbecue)
 
DIY:自己動(dòng)手/自助服務(wù)
(Do it Yourself)
 
ET:外星人
(Extra Terrestrial)
 
ID:身份證
(Identification Card)
 
IQ:智商
(Intelligence Quotient)
 
EQ:情商
(Emotional Quotient)
 
PE:體育
(Physical Education)
 
No.:號碼/編號
(Number)
 
KFC:肯德基
(Kentucky Fried Chicken)
 
DNA:遺傳基因組織
(Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
 
GMT:格林威治時(shí)間或國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)時(shí)間
(Greenwich Mean Time)
 
GDP:國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值
(Gross Domestic Product)
 
OMG:我的上帝/我的天哪
(Oh My God)
 
SOS:求救信號
(Save Our Soul)
 
UFO:不明飛行物
(Unknown Flying Object)
 
VIP:重要人物/貴賓
(Very Important Person)
 
WC:廁所
(Water Closet)
 
Mr.:先生
(Mister)
 
Ms.:女士
(Mrs. or Miss)
 
Mrs.:夫人/太太
(Mistress)
 
AD:公元
(Anno Domini)
 
BC:公元前
(Before Christ)
 
AM:上午
(Ante Meridiem)(before noon)
 
PM:下午
(Post Meridiem)(afternoon)
 
CEO:首席執(zhí)行官
(Chief Executive Officer)
 
CFO:首席財(cái)務(wù)官
(Chief Finance Officer)
 
COO:首席運(yùn)營官
(Chief Operating Officer)
 
CTO:首席技術(shù)官
(Chief Technology Officer)
 
PhD:博士
(Philosophy Doctor)
 
MBA:工商管理碩士
(Master of Business Administration)
 
MPA:公共管理碩士
(Master of Public Administration)

 

五、國內(nèi)銀行縮寫

 
中國人民銀行:PBC

(The People s Bank of China)

 

中國建設(shè)銀行:CCB

(China Construction Bank)

 

中國農(nóng)業(yè)銀行:ABC

(Agriculture Bank of China)

 

中國工商銀行:ICBC

(Industrial & Commercial Bank of China)

 

中國銀行:BOC

(Bank of China)

 

交通銀行:BCM

(Bank of Communications)

 

招商銀行:CMB

(China Merchants Bank)

 

六、星期/月份縮寫

 

星期一:Mon.
(Monday)
 
星期二:Tues.
(Tuesday)
 
星期三:Wed.
(Wednesday)
 
星期四:Thur.
(Thursday)
 
星期五:Fri.
(Friday)
 
星期六:Sat.
(Saturday)
 
星期天:Sun.
(Sunday)
 
一月:Jan.
(January)
 
二月:Feb.
(February)
 
三月:Mar.
(March)
 
四月:Apr.
(April)
 
五月:無簡寫
(May)
 
六月:Jun.
(June)
 
七月:Jul.
(July)
 
八月:Aug.
(August)
 
九月:Sep.
(September)
 
十月:Oct.
(October)
 
十一月:Nov.
(November)
 
十二月:Dec.
(December)
 

七、計(jì)量單位縮寫
 

克 G

(Gram)

 

公斤 KG

(Kilogram)

 

公噸 MT

(Metric Ton)

 

米 M

(Metre)

 

厘米 CM

(Centimetre)

 

毫米 MM

(Milimetre)

 

公里 KM

(Kilometre)

 

碼 Yd.

(Yard)

 

英尺 Ft.

(Foot)

 

英寸 In.

(Inch)

 

升 L

(Litre)

 

毫升 ML

(Millilitre)

 

加侖 Gal

(Gallon)

 

千瓦 KW

(Kilowatt)

 

馬力 HP

(Horse Power)

 

平方米 Sq.m

(Square metre)

 

立方米 Cu.m

(Cubic metre)

 

小時(shí) Hr.

(Hour)

 

分 Min.

(Minute)

 

秒 Sec.

(Second)

 

八、英文句子表達(dá)常見縮寫

not相關(guān)的否定縮寫

通常在原詞后加n’t,若原詞以n結(jié)尾,直接加’t。

 

1、系動(dòng)詞 + not:

 

isn’t = is not;

wasn’t = was not

aren’t = are not;

weren’t = were not

 

注意:am not一般不縮寫。

 

2、助動(dòng)詞 + not:

 

don’t = do not

doesn’t = does not

didn’t = did not

haven’t = have not

hasn’t = has not

hadn’t = had not

 

3、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + not:

 

can’t = can not

couldn’t = could notwon’t = will not;

wouldn’t = would not

shouldn’t = should not

 

例句:

 

1、Tom isn’t my brother. 

= Tom is not my brother.

(湯姆不是我的弟弟。)

 

2、He didn’t come back. 

= He did not come back.

(他沒有回來。)

 

3、She can’t finish the work alone. 

= She can not finish the work alone. 

(她無法獨(dú)自完成工作。)

 

人稱代詞+系動(dòng)詞的縮寫

 

am縮寫成’m,are縮寫成’re,is縮寫成’s。

 

I’m = I am

he’s = he is

she’s = she is

you’re = you are

we’re = we are

they’re = they are

there’re = there are

there’s = there is

that’s = that is

it’s = it is

 

注意:this is一般不縮寫。

 

例句:

 

1、I’m a teacher. 

= I am a teacher.

(我是老師。)

 

2、They’re my friends. 

= They are my friends.

(他們是我的朋友。)

 

3、There’s a book in my bag. 

= There is a book in my bag.

(我包里有一本書。)

 

疑問詞+系動(dòng)詞的縮寫

 

Who’s = Who is

Who’re = Who are

How’s = How is

How’re = How are

When’s = When is

When’re = When are

What’s = What is

What’re = What are

Where’s = Where is

Where’re = Where are

 

例句:

 

1、How s your family? 

= How is your family?

(你的家人都好嗎?)

 

2、What’s the matter? 

= What is the matter?

(你怎么了?)

 

3、Where’re you going?

= Where are you going?

(你要去哪?)

 

助動(dòng)詞的相關(guān)縮寫

 

have縮寫成’ve,has縮寫成’s,had縮寫成’d。

 

I’ve = I have

You’ve = You have

He’s = He has

She’s = She has

It’s = It has

We’ve = We have

They’ve = They have   

I’d = I had

you’d = you had

He’d = He had

She’d = She had

It’d = It had

We’d = We had

They’d = They had  

 

例句:

 

1、I’ve got a job. 

= I have got a job.

(我找到了一份工作。)

 

2、We ve been married for one year. 

= We have been married for one year.

(我們結(jié)婚一年了。)

 

3、He d never learned to read. 

= He had never learned to read.

(他一直沒有學(xué)會閱讀。)

 

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的相關(guān)縮寫

 

will縮寫成’ll,would縮寫成’d。

 

I’ll = I will

you’ll = you will

she’ll = she will

he’ll = he will

we’ll = we will

they’ll = they will

I’d = I would

you’d = you would

she’d = she would

he’d = he would

we’d = we would

they’d = they would

 

例句:

 

1、I’ll see you tomorrow. 

= I will see you tomorrow.

(明天見。)

 

2、He ll study harder. 

= He will study harder.

(他將更加努力學(xué)習(xí)。)

 

3、They’d like to come with us. 

= They would like to come with us.

(他們想和我們一起去。)

 

其他縮寫

 

1、Let’s ...

=Let us ... 

 

2、My name’s ...

=My name is ...

 

例句:

 

1、Let s go to the cinema together.

=Let us go to the cinema together.

(我們一起去看電影。)

 

2、My name’s Gina.

=My name is Gina.

(我的名字叫吉娜。)

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